В США, наряду с выборами Президента США 2016/11/08, во многих штатах проходят различные референдумы на тему – типа, "как обустроить нам свой штат и сделать в нём жизнь лучше и комфортнее", в русскоязычной прессе, об этом почти ничего.
), на референдум вынесены 4-е вопроса. В [
] – требование о минимальном размере пространства для содержания сельскохозяйственных животных в штате Массачусетс [
]".
Показать скрытый текстOverview.
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This law would prohibited breeding pigs, calves raised for veal, and egg-laying hens from being held in confined spaces. Question 3 defined confined as meaning that which "prevents the animal from lying down, standing up, fully extending its limbs, or turning around freely."[ 1] This law also applied to business owners who knowingly sell pork, veal, or eggs from animals held in this way, even if the source is outside of Massachusetts.
Exceptions to this confinement rule include temporary holding cells for transportation, fairs, medical research, veterinary exams, and other purposes.
The state attorney general will administer the law, which comes with a maximum fine of $1,000 could be levied for each violation.
Supporters such as the MSPCA said that the measure seeks to avoid needless suffering of animals raised for eggs and slaughter, while many opponents say that these practices are generally not practiced in Massachusetts in the first place.
Full text.
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An Act to Prevent Cruelty to Farm Animals
Be it enacted by the People, and by their authority:
Prevention of Farm Animal Cruelty Act
Section 1.
The purpose of this Act is to prevent animal cruelty by phasing out extreme methods of farm animal confinement, which also threaten the health and safety of Massachusetts consumers, increase the risk of foodborne illness, and have negative fiscal impacts on the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Section 2.
Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, it shall be unlawful for a farm owner or operator within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts to knowingly cause any covered animal to be confined in a cruel manner.
Section 3.
Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, it shall be unlawful for a business owner or operator to knowingly engage in the sale within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts of any:
(A) Shell egg that the business owner or operator knows or should know is the product of a covered animal that was confined in a cruel manner.
(B) Whole veal meat that the business owner or operator knows or should know is the meat of a covered animal that was confined in a cruel manner.
(C) Whole pork meat that the business owner or operator knows or should know is the meat of a covered animal that was confined in a cruel manner, or is the meat of the immediate offspring of a covered animal that was confined in a cruel manner.
Section 4.
For the purposes of this Act, a covered animal shall not be deemed to be “confined in a cruel manner” during:
(A) Transportation.
(B) State or county fair exhibitions, 4-H programs, and similar exhibitions.
(C) Slaughter in accordance with any applicable laws, rules, and regulations.
(D) Medical research.
(E) Examination, testing, individual treatment or operation for veterinary purposes, but only if performed by or under the direct supervision of a licensed veterinarian.
(F) The five (5) day period prior to a breeding pig’s expected date of giving birth, and any day that the breeding pig is nursing piglets.
(G) Temporary periods for animal husbandry purposes for no more than six (6) hours in any twenty-four (24) hour period.
Section 5. For purposes of this Act, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(A) “Breeding pig” means any female pig of the porcine species kept for the purpose of commercial breeding.
(B) “Business owner or operator” means any person who owns or controls the operations of a business.
(C) “Calf raised for veal” means any calf of the bovine species kept for the purpose of commercial production of veal meat.
(D) “Covered animal” means any breeding pig, calf raised for veal, or egg-laying hen that is kept on a farm.
(E) “Confined in a cruel manner” means confined so as to prevent a covered animal from lying down, standing up, fully extending the animal’s limbs, or turning around freely.
(F) “Egg-laying hen” means any female domesticated chicken, turkey, duck, goose, or guinea fowl kept for the purpose of commercial egg production.
(G) “Enclosure” means any cage, crate, or other structure used to confine a covered animal or animals. “Enclosure” includes what is commonly described as a “gestation crate” or “stall” for pigs during pregnancy, a “veal crate” for calves raised for veal, and a “battery cage, enriched cage, or colony cage” for egg-laying hens.
(H) “Farm” means the land, building, support facilities, and other equipment that are wholly or partially used for the commercial production of animals or animal products used for food; and does not include live animal markets or establishments at which inspection is provided under the Federal Meat Inspection Act.
(I) “Farm owner or operator” means any person who owns or controls the operations of a farm.
(J) “Fully extending the animal's limbs” means fully extending all limbs without touching the side of an enclosure. In the case of egg-laying hens, fully extending the animal’s limbs means fully spreading both wings without touching the side of an enclosure or other egg-laying hens and having access to at least 1.5 square feet of usable floor space per hen.
(K) “Person” means any individual, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability corporation, estate, trust, receiver, syndicate, association, or other legal entity.
(L) “Pork meat” means meat, as defined in 105 CMR 531.012 as of June 1, 2015, of a pig of the porcine species, intended for use as human food.
(M) “Sale” means a commercial sale by a business that sells any item covered by Section 3, but does not include any sale undertaken at an establishment at which inspection is provided under the Federal Meat Inspection Act. For purposes of this section, a sale shall be deemed to occur at the location where the buyer takes physical possession of an item covered by Section 3.
(N) “Shell egg” means a whole egg of an egg-laying hen in its shell form, intended for use as human food.
(O) “Turning around freely” means turning in a complete circle without any impediment, including a tether, and without touching the side of an enclosure or another animal.
(P) “Uncooked” means requiring cooking prior to human consumption.
(Q) “Usable floor space” means the total square footage of floor space provided to each hen, as calculated by dividing the total square footage of floor space provided to hens in an enclosure (including both ground space and elevated flat platforms) by the number of hens in that enclosure.
(R) “Veal meat” means meat, as defined in 105 CMR 531.012 as of June 1, 2015, of a calf raised for veal, intended for use as human food.
(S) “Whole pork meat” means any uncooked cut of pork (including bacon, ham, chop, ribs, riblet, loin, shank, leg, roast, brisket, steak, sirloin or cutlet) that is comprised entirely of pork meat, except for seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives and similar meat additives. Whole pork meat does not include combination food products (including soups, sandwiches, pizzas, hot dogs, or similar processed or prepared food products) that are comprised of more than pork meat, seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives and similar meat additives.
(T) “Whole veal meat” means any uncooked cut of veal (including chop, ribs, riblet, loin, shank, leg, roast, brisket, steak, sirloin or cutlet) that is comprised entirely of veal meat, except for seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives and similar meat additives. Whole veal meat does not include combination food products (including soups, sandwiches, pizzas, hot dogs, or similar processed or prepared food products) that are comprised of more than veal meat, seasoning, curing agents, coloring, flavoring, preservatives and similar meat additives.
Section 6. The Attorney General shall have exclusive authority to enforce the provisions of this Act. Each violation of this Act shall be punished by a civil fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000). The Attorney General may also seek injunctive relief to prevent further violations of this Act.
Section 7. It shall be a defense to any action to enforce this Act that a business owner or operator relied in good faith upon a written certification or guarantee by the supplier that the shell egg, whole pork meat, or whole veal meat at issue was not derived from a covered animal that was confined in a cruel manner, or from the immediate offspring of a female pig that was confined in a cruel manner.
Section 8. The provisions of this Act are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other laws protecting animal welfare. This Act is not intended, and should not be construed to limit any other state law or rules protecting the welfare of animals or to prevent a local governing body from adopting and enforcing its own animal welfare laws and regulations that are more stringent than this section.
Section 9. The provisions of this Act are severable and if any clause, sentence, paragraph or section of this Act, or an application thereof, shall be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof but shall be confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, section or application adjudged invalid.
Section 10. The Attorney General shall promulgate rules and regulations for the implementation of this Act on or before January 1, 2020.
Section 11. Sections 2-7 of this Act shall take effect on January 1, 2022.[ 3]
Скрыть текст По этому вопросу до голосования в их прессе было много высказываний – против этого пункта, типа эти требования удорожат продукцию. Жители штата Массачусетс проголосовали по этому вопросу так: после обработки 94% голосов, "ЗА" – 77.58%, "ПРОТИВ" – 22.42%.
Для нормального и внятного закона о защите животных, надо проанализировать и взять лучшее из американского и европейского законодательства.
, я его видела в живую, но на фото у себя не найду. 
